Donald Trump didn’t act alone: that was one takeaway from particular counsel Jack Smith’s indictment charging the previous US president with trying to frustrate the peaceable transition of energy following his election loss in 2020.
Six alleged accomplices had been recognized as “co-conspirators” by the US Division of Justice, together with 4 of Trump’s attorneys. None have been charged.
These co-conspirators are variously accused of aiding Trump with every little thing from intimidating state legislators and election officers to cooking up “sham” investigations into supposed electoral fraud, and exploiting the anger of the gang that stormed the Capitol on January 6 2021.
Whereas prosecutors didn’t identify the co-conspirators — as is normal apply for people talked about in an indictment however not charged — they painted a vivid image of their alleged involvement in varied schemes.
Particulars within the indictment all however instantly establish a few of the extra acquainted characters in Trump’s orbit based mostly on public data.
Rudy Giuliani
![Rudy Giuliani](https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/https%3A%2F%2Fd1e00ek4ebabms.cloudfront.net%2Fproduction%2F5a7adb82-b532-4766-8ff5-850f7c500b60.jpg?fit=scale-down&source=next&width=700)
Former New York mayor turned Trump lawyer Rudy Giuliani has recognized himself as being “personally concerned” within the litigation.
His beforehand reported actions match these attributed to co-conspirator 1, described within the indictment as “an legal professional who was prepared to unfold knowingly false claims and pursue methods that the defendant’s 2020 re-election marketing campaign attorneys wouldn’t”.
Because the alleged chief of the Trump White Home’s marketing campaign to meddle with the election outcomes, he’s accused of repeatedly lobbying lawmakers in Arizona and Georgia, presenting them with unsubstantiated claims of hordes of useless folks having voted within the swing states, whereas additionally trying to mislead elected officers in Pennsylvania and Michigan.
Giuliani took to Twitter quickly after the indictment was launched, posting a 185-minute dwell video through which he reiterated claims of voting irregularities in “crooked Democrat cities”, including that whereas he didn’t assume anybody lied within the aftermath of the 2020 election, “you will have the proper to lie below the First Modification”. He known as a few of the fees a “nothingburger”.
The 79-year-old additionally faces civil defamation circumstances introduced by Dominion and Smartmatic, corporations that make voting expertise, and is reported to be a goal of a separate investigation into Trump’s alleged efforts to alter vote tallies in Georgia, led by Fulton county district legal professional Fani Willis.
A lawyer for Giuliani, Robert Costello, didn’t reply to request for remark. In an announcement to The New York Occasions, Costello acknowledged that it “seems that Mayor Giuliani is alleged to be co-conspirator No 1”.
John Eastman
![John Eastman’s video testimony during a House Select Committee hearing on January 6](https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/https%3A%2F%2Fd1e00ek4ebabms.cloudfront.net%2Fproduction%2F25ac3726-e477-4613-baa4-8660d41249cd.jpg?fit=scale-down&source=next&width=700)
Described as “an legal professional who devised and tried to implement a method to leverage [vice-president Mike Pence’s] ceremonial position overseeing the certification continuing to hinder the certification of the presidential election”, co-conspirator 2 seems to check with lawyer John Eastman. He was hauled in entrance of the House select committee examining January 6 final yr to clarify his involvement within the occasions main as much as the riots.
A conservative lawyer and former Supreme Court docket clerk who joined the Trump camp after the November election, Eastman was as soon as described by Pence’s counsel as “a serpent within the ear of the president of the US”, based on an electronic mail launched by the January 6 committee.
Co-conspirator 2 is alleged to have compiled a memo claiming votes had been miscounted in seven states — a doc talked about within the January 6 report and attributed to Eastman. On January 4, co-conspirator 2 can also be alleged to have been informed that his plan for Pence to frustrate the certification would “trigger riots within the streets”, and to have responded “that there had beforehand been factors within the nation’s historical past the place violence was crucial to guard the republic”.
On the morning of January 6, co-conspirator 2 is additional accused of addressing the gang with a speech that matches the one given by Eastman, telling Trump supporters that Pence wanted to behave to cease Congress from certifying Joe Biden’s victory in order that “the American folks know whether or not now we have management of the course of our authorities or not”.
In an announcement, legal professionals for Eastman mentioned the indictment “depends on a deceptive presentation of the document to contrive legal fees towards . . . Trump and to solid ominous aspersions on his shut advisers”.
They added that their shopper was not getting into right into a plea settlement with prosecutors and would combat any fees if introduced.
Sidney Powell
![Sidney Powell](https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/https%3A%2F%2Fd1e00ek4ebabms.cloudfront.net%2Fproduction%2Ff77a8bc6-7ce6-4a29-b629-70836985b3e2.jpg?fit=scale-down&source=next&width=700)
Co-conspirator 3 is one other legal professional, described as somebody “whose unfounded claims of election fraud” Trump privately known as “loopy”, however whose theories he nonetheless “embraced and publicly amplified”.
The few particulars offered by prosecutors seem to match Sidney Powell, a former federal prosecutor who joined the combat to overturn the 2020 election outcome shortly after expressing considerations about its legitimacy on the podcast of Steve Bannon, who was a former political adviser to Trump, in November of that yr.
Co-conspirator 3 is alleged to have filed a lawsuit towards the governor of Georgia later that month, claiming “large election fraud” was achieved by a voting machine firm’s election software program and {hardware}. A case matching this description was introduced by Powell, solely to be dismissed a couple of weeks later. Powell has since confronted sanctions for submitting frivolous lawsuits.
Powell is maybe most well-known for showing at a press convention alongside Giuliani in November 2020, through which she claimed to be elevating consciousness of the “large affect of communist cash by Venezuela, Cuba and certain China within the interference with [US] elections”.
Like Giuliani, Powell faces civil defamation circumstances introduced by Dominion and Smartmatic. A lawyer for Powell declined to remark.
Jeffrey Clark
![Jeffrey Clark](https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/https%3A%2F%2Fd1e00ek4ebabms.cloudfront.net%2Fproduction%2F74dc0d39-1b8a-44eb-bc38-c93ff9381728.jpg?fit=scale-down&source=next&width=700)
A bit-known DoJ official till late 2020, Jeffrey Clark was launched to Trump in December of that yr, and was briefly proposed as an performing attorney-general after allegedly telling the president that if appointed he would inform state officers that the company had proof of election fraud, based on the January 6 committee’s closing report.
His involvement within the makes an attempt to overturn the election outcomes, as detailed within the Home’s January 6 report, match the outline of co-conspirator 4, who prosecutors say was “a justice division official who labored on civil issues and who, with the defendant, tried to make use of the justice division to open sham election crime investigations and affect state legislatures with knowingly false claims of election fraud”.
He’s alleged to have “tried to coerce” the performing attorney-general on the time, Jeffrey Rosen, to signal and ship a draft letter containing such claims to state officers simply two days earlier than January 6, saying he would take Rosen’s job except he and his deputy agreed to the proposal.
When informed that if Trump remained in workplace there could be “riots in each main metropolis in the US”, co-conspirator 4 is alleged to have responded: “Nicely . . . that’s why there’s an Rebel Act,” referencing a legislation that enables federal troops to be deployed to suppress lawlessness.
A lawyer for Clark didn’t reply to request for remark. Russ Vought, president of the Heart for Renewing America, a rightwing think-tank the place Clark now works, accused the Division of Justice of “trying to entrap harmless Individuals in legal schemes,” and mentioned his institute was “preventing with Jeff Clark.”
Kenneth Chesebro
The creator of the infamous “Wisconsin memo” — as co-conspirator 5 is referred to within the indictment — seems to be Kenneth Chesebro, a authorized adviser to the Trump marketing campaign recognized by the January 6 committee’s report as the one that drafted “a collection of authorized memoranda” that laid the groundwork for a so-called faux electors plan.
This matches the definition of co-conspirator 5 offered by prosecutors within the indictment as “an legal professional who assisted in devising and trying to implement a plan to submit fraudulent slates of presidential electors to hinder the certification continuing”.
Chesebro was first recruited to the Trump marketing campaign as a volunteer, and based on the January 6 committee, recommended in November 2020 that the president “may acquire a couple of further weeks for litigation to problem Wisconsin’s election outcomes, as long as a Wisconsin slate of Republican nominees to the electoral school met on December 14th to solid place holder electoral school votes on a contingent foundation”.
A lawyer for Chesebro didn’t instantly reply to a request for remark.
Co-conspirator 6
The identification of co-conspirator 6, described as a “political advisor who helped implement a plan to submit fraudulent slates of presidential electors to hinder the certification continuing” isn’t instantly apparent.
Few particulars are given within the indictment, past references to the person sourcing cellphone numbers for US senators, figuring out useful attorneys, and collaborating in a convention name with Pennsylvania electors.
Donald Trump didn’t act alone: that was one takeaway from particular counsel Jack Smith’s indictment charging the previous US president with trying to frustrate the peaceable transition of energy following his election loss in 2020.
Six alleged accomplices had been recognized as “co-conspirators” by the US Division of Justice, together with 4 of Trump’s attorneys. None have been charged.
These co-conspirators are variously accused of aiding Trump with every little thing from intimidating state legislators and election officers to cooking up “sham” investigations into supposed electoral fraud, and exploiting the anger of the gang that stormed the Capitol on January 6 2021.
Whereas prosecutors didn’t identify the co-conspirators — as is normal apply for people talked about in an indictment however not charged — they painted a vivid image of their alleged involvement in varied schemes.
Particulars within the indictment all however instantly establish a few of the extra acquainted characters in Trump’s orbit based mostly on public data.
Rudy Giuliani
![Rudy Giuliani](https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/https%3A%2F%2Fd1e00ek4ebabms.cloudfront.net%2Fproduction%2F5a7adb82-b532-4766-8ff5-850f7c500b60.jpg?fit=scale-down&source=next&width=700)
Former New York mayor turned Trump lawyer Rudy Giuliani has recognized himself as being “personally concerned” within the litigation.
His beforehand reported actions match these attributed to co-conspirator 1, described within the indictment as “an legal professional who was prepared to unfold knowingly false claims and pursue methods that the defendant’s 2020 re-election marketing campaign attorneys wouldn’t”.
Because the alleged chief of the Trump White Home’s marketing campaign to meddle with the election outcomes, he’s accused of repeatedly lobbying lawmakers in Arizona and Georgia, presenting them with unsubstantiated claims of hordes of useless folks having voted within the swing states, whereas additionally trying to mislead elected officers in Pennsylvania and Michigan.
Giuliani took to Twitter quickly after the indictment was launched, posting a 185-minute dwell video through which he reiterated claims of voting irregularities in “crooked Democrat cities”, including that whereas he didn’t assume anybody lied within the aftermath of the 2020 election, “you will have the proper to lie below the First Modification”. He known as a few of the fees a “nothingburger”.
The 79-year-old additionally faces civil defamation circumstances introduced by Dominion and Smartmatic, corporations that make voting expertise, and is reported to be a goal of a separate investigation into Trump’s alleged efforts to alter vote tallies in Georgia, led by Fulton county district legal professional Fani Willis.
A lawyer for Giuliani, Robert Costello, didn’t reply to request for remark. In an announcement to The New York Occasions, Costello acknowledged that it “seems that Mayor Giuliani is alleged to be co-conspirator No 1”.
John Eastman
![John Eastman’s video testimony during a House Select Committee hearing on January 6](https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/https%3A%2F%2Fd1e00ek4ebabms.cloudfront.net%2Fproduction%2F25ac3726-e477-4613-baa4-8660d41249cd.jpg?fit=scale-down&source=next&width=700)
Described as “an legal professional who devised and tried to implement a method to leverage [vice-president Mike Pence’s] ceremonial position overseeing the certification continuing to hinder the certification of the presidential election”, co-conspirator 2 seems to check with lawyer John Eastman. He was hauled in entrance of the House select committee examining January 6 final yr to clarify his involvement within the occasions main as much as the riots.
A conservative lawyer and former Supreme Court docket clerk who joined the Trump camp after the November election, Eastman was as soon as described by Pence’s counsel as “a serpent within the ear of the president of the US”, based on an electronic mail launched by the January 6 committee.
Co-conspirator 2 is alleged to have compiled a memo claiming votes had been miscounted in seven states — a doc talked about within the January 6 report and attributed to Eastman. On January 4, co-conspirator 2 can also be alleged to have been informed that his plan for Pence to frustrate the certification would “trigger riots within the streets”, and to have responded “that there had beforehand been factors within the nation’s historical past the place violence was crucial to guard the republic”.
On the morning of January 6, co-conspirator 2 is additional accused of addressing the gang with a speech that matches the one given by Eastman, telling Trump supporters that Pence wanted to behave to cease Congress from certifying Joe Biden’s victory in order that “the American folks know whether or not now we have management of the course of our authorities or not”.
In an announcement, legal professionals for Eastman mentioned the indictment “depends on a deceptive presentation of the document to contrive legal fees towards . . . Trump and to solid ominous aspersions on his shut advisers”.
They added that their shopper was not getting into right into a plea settlement with prosecutors and would combat any fees if introduced.
Sidney Powell
![Sidney Powell](https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/https%3A%2F%2Fd1e00ek4ebabms.cloudfront.net%2Fproduction%2Ff77a8bc6-7ce6-4a29-b629-70836985b3e2.jpg?fit=scale-down&source=next&width=700)
Co-conspirator 3 is one other legal professional, described as somebody “whose unfounded claims of election fraud” Trump privately known as “loopy”, however whose theories he nonetheless “embraced and publicly amplified”.
The few particulars offered by prosecutors seem to match Sidney Powell, a former federal prosecutor who joined the combat to overturn the 2020 election outcome shortly after expressing considerations about its legitimacy on the podcast of Steve Bannon, who was a former political adviser to Trump, in November of that yr.
Co-conspirator 3 is alleged to have filed a lawsuit towards the governor of Georgia later that month, claiming “large election fraud” was achieved by a voting machine firm’s election software program and {hardware}. A case matching this description was introduced by Powell, solely to be dismissed a couple of weeks later. Powell has since confronted sanctions for submitting frivolous lawsuits.
Powell is maybe most well-known for showing at a press convention alongside Giuliani in November 2020, through which she claimed to be elevating consciousness of the “large affect of communist cash by Venezuela, Cuba and certain China within the interference with [US] elections”.
Like Giuliani, Powell faces civil defamation circumstances introduced by Dominion and Smartmatic. A lawyer for Powell declined to remark.
Jeffrey Clark
![Jeffrey Clark](https://www.ft.com/__origami/service/image/v2/images/raw/https%3A%2F%2Fd1e00ek4ebabms.cloudfront.net%2Fproduction%2F74dc0d39-1b8a-44eb-bc38-c93ff9381728.jpg?fit=scale-down&source=next&width=700)
A bit-known DoJ official till late 2020, Jeffrey Clark was launched to Trump in December of that yr, and was briefly proposed as an performing attorney-general after allegedly telling the president that if appointed he would inform state officers that the company had proof of election fraud, based on the January 6 committee’s closing report.
His involvement within the makes an attempt to overturn the election outcomes, as detailed within the Home’s January 6 report, match the outline of co-conspirator 4, who prosecutors say was “a justice division official who labored on civil issues and who, with the defendant, tried to make use of the justice division to open sham election crime investigations and affect state legislatures with knowingly false claims of election fraud”.
He’s alleged to have “tried to coerce” the performing attorney-general on the time, Jeffrey Rosen, to signal and ship a draft letter containing such claims to state officers simply two days earlier than January 6, saying he would take Rosen’s job except he and his deputy agreed to the proposal.
When informed that if Trump remained in workplace there could be “riots in each main metropolis in the US”, co-conspirator 4 is alleged to have responded: “Nicely . . . that’s why there’s an Rebel Act,” referencing a legislation that enables federal troops to be deployed to suppress lawlessness.
A lawyer for Clark didn’t reply to request for remark. Russ Vought, president of the Heart for Renewing America, a rightwing think-tank the place Clark now works, accused the Division of Justice of “trying to entrap harmless Individuals in legal schemes,” and mentioned his institute was “preventing with Jeff Clark.”
Kenneth Chesebro
The creator of the infamous “Wisconsin memo” — as co-conspirator 5 is referred to within the indictment — seems to be Kenneth Chesebro, a authorized adviser to the Trump marketing campaign recognized by the January 6 committee’s report as the one that drafted “a collection of authorized memoranda” that laid the groundwork for a so-called faux electors plan.
This matches the definition of co-conspirator 5 offered by prosecutors within the indictment as “an legal professional who assisted in devising and trying to implement a plan to submit fraudulent slates of presidential electors to hinder the certification continuing”.
Chesebro was first recruited to the Trump marketing campaign as a volunteer, and based on the January 6 committee, recommended in November 2020 that the president “may acquire a couple of further weeks for litigation to problem Wisconsin’s election outcomes, as long as a Wisconsin slate of Republican nominees to the electoral school met on December 14th to solid place holder electoral school votes on a contingent foundation”.
A lawyer for Chesebro didn’t instantly reply to a request for remark.
Co-conspirator 6
The identification of co-conspirator 6, described as a “political advisor who helped implement a plan to submit fraudulent slates of presidential electors to hinder the certification continuing” isn’t instantly apparent.
Few particulars are given within the indictment, past references to the person sourcing cellphone numbers for US senators, figuring out useful attorneys, and collaborating in a convention name with Pennsylvania electors.